Wave and Tidal Energy

Wave and tidal energy are renewable forms of energy derived from the kinetic and potential energy of the ocean's waves and tides. Wave energy is generated by harnessing the up and down motion of ocean waves, while tidal energy is generated by capturing the energy from the rise and fall of tides. Both forms of energy are considered clean and sustainable, as they rely on natural forces without producing greenhouse gas emissions.

Wave energy technologies include oscillating water columns, point absorbers, and attenuators, which convert the mechanical energy of waves into electricity. Tidal energy utilises tidal stream systems, tidal range technologies, and tidal lagoons to capture the energy from the movement of tides.

These renewable energy sources have the advantage of being predictable, as the timing of waves and tides can be accurately forecasted. However, challenges such as the harsh marine environment, high upfront costs, and limited suitable locations for installation have slowed widespread adoption. Despite these challenges, ongoing research and development aim to improve efficiency and reduce costs, making wave and tidal energy increasingly viable components of the global renewable energy portfolio.

The British coastline is 11,072 miles long and has some of the highest tidal ranges in the world. As a result the country has emerged as a global pioneer in harnessing the power of the oceans through innovative marine energy technologies to diversify its energy mix

Wave Energy:

Britain's commitment to exploring wave energy solutions is evident in various ongoing projects along its coastlines. Pioneering centres like the European Marine Energy centre in Orkney have served as testing grounds for wave energy and tidal devices, allowing researchers and engineers to refine their designs and enhance overall system efficiency.

Tidal Energy:

Tidal energy has seen significant developments in Britain. The country boasts strong tidal currents, particularly in the Northern and Western regions, making it an ideal location for tidal energy projects including tidal flow systems, barrages and tidal lagoons The MeyGen tidal energy project in the Pentland Firth, which deploys underwater turbines to capture energy from powerful tidal currents. is one of the largest tidal energy schemes in the world  with a planned capacity of 50MW by 2028. In Wales the government has committed £750m to research projects focusing on the deployment of tidal lagoon technology and projects involving a tidal barrage across the Severn and a lagoon at Swansea although initially rejected remain under consideration.

Challenges and Innovations:

Despite the progress made, the development of marine energy in Britain has not been without challenges. The harsh marine environment, high initial costs, and technical complexities have posed obstacles to widespread adoption. However, continuous research and development initiatives, supported by government incentives, aim to overcome these challenges. Innovations in materials, engineering design, and installation techniques are being pursued to make marine energy solutions more cost-effective and commercially viable